Eco City is city that ??built in harmony with the environment. This city is design to minimaize energy consumption, water consumption, waste, water and air polution. Constructed with environmentally friendly materials. Term of Eco City introduce first time by Richard Register on his book ecocity berkeley: building cities for a healthy future, at 1987.
Benefit of eco city can be review from 3 aspects, enviroment, economic, and social. From the Enviroment side, Eco city can give healthy enviroment to the citizens.The impact, life expectancy become higher, increasing productivity, reducing global warming, citizen acces become easy, and energy recycle level bigger and bigger.
From the economic side, Eco city can provide opportunities for the job seekers, and also can become a landmark for a country with a potential to become tourist attraction, and investors. From social side, eco city can facilitate society to formulate new policy together with government to andvance their city. Social stability can be maintained, and able to provide basic needs of the society and the social gap can be narrowed.
According to Richard Register, there are two ways to create an eco city. By totally change the present city or make a new city. Becoming an eco city need a necessary integration between urban planning, building design, lifestyle and sustainable communities.
In general eco city can be obtain by following means:
1. Providing agriculture and plantation not to far from city, for example on suburbs. For food production process less energy consumption.
2. Maximizing the use of renewable energy, such as wind turbines, solar panels and biogas.
3. Minimize use of electrical energy during the day by reducing air conditioning usage.
4. Developing public transportation, and add the area of pedestrians and reduce vehicle emissions
5. Encouraging people to use emission-free transportation modes, such as bicycles and electric vehicles
6. Regulate the location and population density housing, so public transport easy to reach
7. Campaigning low emissions constructions
8. Improve use of greenroof
9. Creating a whole and environment-friendly drainage system.
10. Build public spaces and urban parks for water conservation as well as the lungs of the city.